Breach photographed from the air on Jan. 17.
Bill Brine

Norton Point Breach Nears End Point

<p>The blizzard of 2015 spared Norton Point, the long barrier beach that is about to reconnect Chappaquiddick to the rest of the Vineyard, from further breaching. Chris Kennedy, superintendent for The Trustees of Reservations, reported Thursday that the breach remained as it was before the storm.</p>

The blizzard of 2015 spared Norton Point, the long barrier beach that is about to reconnect Chappaquiddick to the rest of the Vineyard, from further breaching.

Chris Kennedy, superintendent of the Island properties for The Trustees of Reservations, reported Thursday morning that the breach remained as it was before the storm — a long tidal channel that may soon tether itself to Chappy for the first time in eight years.

“I’m standing out at Wasque Point right now at the fishermen’s parking lot,” Mr. Kennedy told the Gazette by telephone, two days after the blizzard dumped a foot and a half of snow on the Vineyard and raked the Island with hurricane-force winds. “It’s freezing, but the breach is still the same and there have been no further openings at Norton Point,” Mr. Kennedy said.

The latest maps and pictures, collected this month, showed that the lengthening spit end of Norton Point was making every effort to hook northward across the opening that separates the beach from Chappaquiddick.

Seen from beach north of Wasque Reservation, spit end of Norton Point migrates toward land.
Mark Lovewell
Seen from beach north of Wasque Reservation, spit end of Norton Point migrates toward land.
Mark Lovewell

When it does, Chappy will no longer be a satellite island of the Vineyard; it will be a peninsula, once again leashed to the larger Island by the three-mile barrier beach that was cut open by the Patriots’ Day storm of April 2007. That night the opening through the beach made Chappaquiddick an island off to itself — in fact, spirit and name.

“It’s made what appears to be its final turn, and it’s pointed directly at Wasque Point,” Mr. Kennedy said in an earlier interview with the Gazette on Sunday. “And if it keeps coming the way it is, it’ll probably reattach right on that rocky spit that marks the very end of Leland Beach and the northern boundary of Wasque Point. So it certainly is oriented in the right direction.”

Three days before the blizzard, he visited the southeastern corner of Chappaquiddick with Katie O’Donnell, a former assistant superintendent, on Saturday. In a wind that whipped stinging sand from the offshore beach, they watched the current race outward through the waterway from Katama Bay to the sea.

“We were there maybe at mid-tide. It was outgoing yesterday afternoon, and there’s still a lot of water going through [the channel] there. It has formed a large delta on the easterly end of it. My gut feeling is that it isn’t going to close imminently . . . but I think it’s in its final stages at this point, there’s no question,” Mr. Kennedy said.

When it occurs, the closing of the breach will close an epic Island story that began unexpectedly with a southeasterly gale eight years ago. Residents on Chappy awoke the next morning to find themselves divorced from the main island for the first time in 30 years by a watery chasm 300 feet wide, with an overburdened Katama Bay sweeping and gurgling outward to sea. A sliver of Norton Point had given way to seething winds, flooding storm surges, extreme and discordant tides, as well as a geological history that goes back periodically to the Revolutionary War at least, but almost certainly for thousands of years before that.

With Norton Point open to the sea, Chappaquiddick once again became the “separated island” that the word roughly means in Algonquin. It will remain that way until Norton Point reaches Wasque Point. Forced to hook toward Chappy by strong currents running up and down nearby Muskeget Channel, it will close, sooner or later.

Since 1870, openings have occurred naturally in 1886, 1953 and 1976. Townspeople dug open Norton Point artificially in 1921 and 1937 to freshen the shellfish beds in Katama Bay as well as to create a shortcut to the offshore fishing grounds and provide work during the Depression. Most of these openings, natural and man-made, lasted 13 to 17 years.

Data collected by Woody Filley of Chappaquiddick confirms how fast the point has grown in just the last two months.

Walking the shorelines of both Norton Point and Wasque with a GPS, Mr. Filley calculated that the point grew 850 feet to the east in the 50 days leading up to Jan. 3, and an additional 250 feet in the week between Jan. 3 and Jan. 10. “Who knows,” he wrote in an e-mail, “one of the next updates could be that it has closed.”

Over past eight years severe erosion linked uniquely to the breach has claimed large chunks of upland at Wasque Reservation.
Mark Lovewell
Over past eight years severe erosion linked uniquely to the breach has claimed large chunks of upland at Wasque Reservation.
Mark Lovewell

When it does close, beaches along the Chappy oceanfront are expected to stabilize and widen. But the opening will also leave a legacy of upheaval, loss and wonder.

For at least three years, the opening deprived the Atlantic shoreline of Chappy of the sand and beach it needed to defend its southern coast from erosion. Wasque Reservation lost some 40 acres of upland as the sea pulled down cliffs, scrub oak forests, parking lots and trails into the clawing ocean surf.

“Wasque, originally before the breach, was 200 acres in size,” said Mr. Kennedy. “So we’re certainly down to 160 acres at this point. And you know, the truth of the matter is, once that upland is gone, we’re never going to get it back. We certainly will begin to see beach begin to re-accrete. But the upland itself — that’s gone.”

The erosion imperiled two houses lying along the southern Chappy coastline. The first, belonging to Sue and Jerry Wacks near Katama Bay, stood nearly a fifth of a mile, about 1,000 feet, from the Atlantic when it was built in 1984. Today it lies about 25 feet from a cliff falling down to the channel.

A much larger home belonging to Rick and Jennifer Schifter and built at Wasque the year the opening occurred in 2007 was so endangered that in the spring and summer of 2013 it was moved back some 320 feet from the edge of the cascading cliffs.

For Chappaquiddickers and townspeople, the breach has meant that for the past eight years the Chappaquiddick ferry has been the only way to drive a car or truck to or from the island. Because of this, vehicle tickets have been sold round-trip. Ferry co-owner Peter Wells said he is preparing to sell one-way tickets, with the expectation that travelers with four-wheel drive will soon have a new land bridge to the Vineyard side.

History shows that closings can be slow and irregular. The 1886 opening was reported closed at Wasque several times between 1902 and 1904. The 1953 breach took several months to close between late 1969 and early 1970.

A long opening was uncovered by David Foster, director of Harvard Forest in Petersham and a seasonal resident of West Tisbury. His research discovered an opening known to have existed in 1776 that endured for more than 90 years, with only a brief closing in 1800.

Accounts in the Gazette describe the disbelief Edgartown residents felt in January 1870 when they realized Norton Point had reconnected the two Islands. “Now the reunion seems to be permanent, and bids fair to continue so. It is nearly or quite 100 years since the passage was made by land to Chabby,” wrote the editor.

This evidence led Mr. Kennedy to wonder what the preferred state of Norton Point and Chappaquiddick might really be.

“Is it normal for Norton Point to be connected to Chappaquiddick, or as David Foster has suggested, perhaps the norm is that a breach exists?” he said. “And I have a sneaking suspicion that David might be correct. I think we should be careful about getting too used to having a direct land link, a bridge if you will, between Chappaquiddick and Edgartown.”

Comments

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Mon, 01/26/2015 - 16:10

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Dan OB

With the rising ocean, one has to think that this may be one of the last times we see Norton's Point close.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Mon, 01/26/2015 - 21:26

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John Hess Wilton, CT

Is it true that a resident of Chappy once drove his car across the frozen harbor?

Tom Dunlop Edgartown

We've seen photos at the office of a car on the harbor ice, but we don't think the driver dared go all the way across (the car looked fairly new). In February of 1934, Henry Beetle Hough, editor of this paper, and Bill Roberts, a pressman and writer, walked from the Edgartown Yacht Club out the the bluffs at Cape Pogue and back. That, of course, was during one of the greatest freezes of the twentieth century.

Beth Serusa West Tisbury

Bill Roberts was my great Uncle, I have always enjoyed the story and the pictures of that day. I am sure on the other hand my dear Aunt Marion was not thrilled.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 07:43

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Ginny Bradley Vineyard Visitor and North Carolina Resident

Having been fortunate to visit the Vineyard for more than 60 years, it's been quite fascinating to watch Mother Natures "work her magic" on Chappy/Norton Point. I applaud you for providing such an outstanding account of events. You have reminded me of many wonderful trips along these beaches and, with or without the breach, each trip has been interesting, enjoyable and sometimes magical. I am grateful to you for sharing this article and look forward to returning to the Vineyard so I can see what has transpired since my last trip.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 12:44

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Katherine (Kakie Siebel) Kunhiraman Berkeley, CA

For the best part of my childhood there were two 'openings' and an island of sand, with sprinklings of green grass, mysterious tidal pools, sat just opposite our house. Few had boats in those days, but we children sailed across in our beetle cat and spent full days on the little sandbar, swimming in the bay and the sound without interruption. Not another human in sight! We loved having Chappaquiddick as an island. the sounds of the waves, the gulls, was music uninterrupted by any motors of put-puts or vehicles. I long for that again. One summer, when the opening was almost up to the Edgartown end, my father, artist Fritz Siebel, sailed our little boat around all of Chappaquiddick. Through the harbor, around Cape Pogue, and after several failed attempts against the tide, through the opening and back home. Thank you for that well-researched article. It took me back to the many shapes of Wasque over the years.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 14:14

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Jed Dowlin Cincinnati/Chappy

The 1976 breach created the perfect 3 ft.breakers,one after the other. It was the only time I've body surfed on Chappy. Nice long,sustained rides.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 14:48

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Margaret Siebel Washington DC

A beautiful picture. Let's ask the Trustees to allow this to remain as a peaceful, clean, and natural environment, rather than the parking lot it becomes throughout the summer when the narrow strip of sand is covered with SUVs. Surely this is the time for the Reservation to promote something other than more pollution?

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Tue, 01/27/2015 - 16:06

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Camron Adibi Chappy summer resident

Tom,
Thanks for your article. I find it curious that the topic whether Norton Point will close or not is takes up some much time and space in our psyches. It seems like this could be a study on social behavior. In my research, I have found that are two strong opinions: either people believe that it will be "the way it used to be" or that Norton Point will not close (since it is still in a very dynamic state). Would you and the Vineyard Gazette be willing to take an online poll on this topic?
Meanwhile, the rest of the world including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are preparing for the impacts of climate change. Search "US EPA climate impacts on U.S. islands." I am waiting anxiously for the impacts from this last storm.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 01/28/2015 - 08:13

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Stephen Jones Salt Lake City, Wasque Farm

Not to rain on the parade but Pocha is trying to open at Wasque's rocky point.
The current channel is like a pressure washer scouring the newly formed cliffs. Historically the land erodes a foot a day when the opening moves to Wasque point.
Pocha Pond has a history of opening just yards north of the rocky Wasque point. The excavation to move the Schiffter house, though filled in has created a channel whereby the compacted fill, not as hard as it's pre-excavated state may be washed out.
Thus the entire Schiffter property is likely to disappear as erosion breaks open Pocha. Then the Dyke House may be the next to go.

John Hanekamp

Absolutely, been wondering about this for a few years now. Photos tell a lot. How much beautiful land will change and how many homes may be lost for the sake of one. Could it be someone probably did not do their homework well in the first place or did not listen? Lawyers may have a field day here? Or just hush hush. Hmmm. Just a thought. Such a sad possibility. As above, not to rain on the parade.

Camron Adibi Chappy summer resident

Stephen, this is a scenario no one wants to consider. Thank you. Do you know when Pocha Pond last had an opening to the ocean? where was it?

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 01/28/2015 - 13:33

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Harvey Turner Saratoga Springs

Facinating!

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Wed, 01/28/2015 - 15:44

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Leigh Gallagher Pittsburgh, PA

Living on Chappy in the Summer, these were my favorite places. Not fancy, not glamorous, not convenient. Just beautiful, quiet, and unique. It is heart wrenching to see them erode. I feel very lucky I was able to share this place with my husband and daughter before it is gone forever.

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Thu, 01/29/2015 - 12:02

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Blake Bath Chevy Chase MD

I could stare at these aerial photos all day. Hoping all Chappy folks weathered the storm ok. Anyone have any updates on the erosion/changes out on Wasque/NP brought on by the blizzard? thx

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